منابع مشابه
The Impact of Centralization, Corruption and Institutional Quality on Procurement Prices: An Application to Pharmaceutical Purchasing in Italy
This paper deals with the open issue about the choice between a centralized versus a decentralized public procurement strategy. Using a unique dataset on tender prices of selected drugs for hospital usage awarded by a sample of 52 Italian local health service providers (ASLs) between 2009 and 2012, we test which procurement system (centralized, decentralized or hybrid) performs better. Controll...
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supply chain management is a set of guidelines for integration of chains, which aims to reduce costs and increase system services to customers. one of the most important issues for supply chain stockholders is procuring and purchasing requested items in a timely manner. thus, a variety of models have been proposed as purchasing strategy in supply chains. group purchasing is a system which leads...
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A classification algorithm, called the Linear Centralization Classifier (LCC), is introduced. The algorithm seeks to find a transformation that best maps instances from the feature space to a space where they concentrate towards the center of their own classes, while maximimizing the distance between class centers. We formulate the classifier as a quadratic program with quadratic constraints. W...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: National Municipal Review
سال: 1913
ISSN: 0190-3799,1931-0250
DOI: 10.1002/ncr.4110020209